Introduction
Why the .308 Winchester Matters
The .308 Winchester cartridge, often simply referred to as .308 Win, is a legendary round. It’s a favorite among hunters and target shooters alike, celebrated for its accuracy, versatility, and manageable recoil. Its widespread popularity stems from its effectiveness at various ranges, making it a top choice for everything from whitetail deer to long-range precision shooting. But the .308 Win wouldn’t be the powerhouse it is without a crucial component in its life cycle: the reloading process. And central to that process is the humble shell holder.
Article Overview
This guide dives deep into the world of .308 Win shell holders. We’ll explore everything from what they are and how they work to selecting the right one, using it effectively, and keeping it in top condition. Whether you’re a seasoned reloader or just starting out, this article aims to equip you with the knowledge you need to reload .308 Winchester ammunition safely and efficiently.
Understanding Shell Holders
Defining the Shell Holder
At its core, a shell holder is a simple, yet vital tool. It’s a small, precision-machined piece of metal designed to hold the base of a cartridge case securely during the reloading process. Think of it as a specialized “grip” for your spent .308 Win brass. Without a shell holder, you simply cannot perform the various steps needed to transform a fired case back into a functional cartridge.
Function and Mechanism
How a shell holder works is straightforward. It slides into a specific slot in your reloading press ram. The case head of the .308 Win cartridge then fits into the precisely cut opening of the shell holder. This allows the reloading press to interact with the case, enabling the dies to perform tasks like sizing, de-priming, priming, and seating bullets. The shell holder provides the necessary support and stability throughout these operations.
Materials and Design
The shell holder itself typically comprises a base plate and a precisely cut recess that the case head fits into. This recess is designed to grip the case head firmly, preventing it from slipping or rotating during reloading.
The Role of Shell Holders in the Reloading Process
Sizing and Shell Holders
The shell holder is indispensable to almost every step of reloading. It’s a silent partner throughout the process, providing a firm grip on the .308 Win brass while the dies work their magic.
The sizing die, usually the first die used, is where the fired case is brought back to its original dimensions. This process pushes the case through a die that resizes the brass to allow a new bullet to be seated. The shell holder holds the case securely in alignment with the die during this process.
De-priming, Priming, and Bullet Seating
The de-priming process removes the spent primer from the case. This is typically performed in conjunction with the sizing operation in a full-length sizing die. The shell holder ensures the case is correctly positioned as the de-priming pin pushes out the spent primer.
Priming involves inserting a new primer into the case. Some reloading presses have a priming system built into the press itself; in these cases, the shell holder positions the case for optimal primer seating.
Finally, the shell holder holds the case while the seating die places the new bullet at the correct depth within the case.
Shell Holders and Different Reloading Dies
Full-Length Sizing Dies and Shell Holders
Shell holders work in concert with various reloading dies. The selection of the correct die is crucial for producing safe and accurate ammunition.
Full-Length Sizing Dies: These dies resize the entire case, including the case body and shoulder, and typically de-prime the case. They are commonly used for reloading ammunition that will be used in different rifles or when achieving maximum accuracy is paramount.
Neck Sizing Dies and Shell Holders
Neck Sizing Dies: Neck sizing dies only resize the neck of the case, leaving the body largely untouched. These are often favored by benchrest shooters or those who primarily use the same rifle for reloading. They can extend case life, but the case is not suitable if used in a different rifle.
Specialized Dies
There are other specialized dies available, such as crimping dies and bullet seating dies, all of which rely on the shell holder to hold the case during their specific operations.
Materials Used for Shell Holders
The Composition of Steel Shell Holders
The materials used to manufacture shell holders significantly influence their longevity and performance.
Steel: Steel shell holders are the most common type. They are generally very durable and can withstand considerable wear and tear. However, steel is susceptible to rust if not properly maintained.
Hardened and Surface-Treated Options
Hardened Steel: Hardened steel shell holders offer increased durability and resistance to wear compared to standard steel. The hardening process makes them less likely to deform or develop burrs over time, and they often offer a longer lifespan.
Surface Treatments: Some shell holders are treated with various surface coatings, such as nickel plating or other proprietary finishes, to enhance their resistance to corrosion and improve their surface lubricity. These can also offer better protection against wear.
Finding the Right Shell Holder Size for .308 Win
Standardization and Sizing
Most shell holders are designed to fit a range of cartridge case head dimensions. The .308 Win, being a standardized cartridge, generally has a fairly uniform case head diameter. Therefore, the shell holder size is usually the same across different brands. However, verifying the correct shell holder for your specific reloading press and dies is still essential. Checking the manufacturer’s information for your reloading press is always the best starting point.
The Dangers of an Incorrect Fit
Selecting the correct shell holder is paramount to ensuring safety, accuracy, and the longevity of both your brass and reloading equipment. An incorrect size can lead to problems:
Improper Case Support: A shell holder that is too large may not hold the case securely, leading to case deformation, inaccurate seating depth, and potentially dangerous situations.
Damage to the Case: A shell holder that is too small may crush or deform the case, making it unusable. This can also damage the shell holder itself or even your reloading press.
Die Damage: An incorrectly sized shell holder can misalign the case within the reloading die, leading to scratches, gouges, and premature wear on the dies.
Confirming .308 Win Shell Holder Size
The good news is, identifying the correct shell holder size for .308 Win is usually straightforward. Generally, shell holders specifically marked for .308 Win will be compatible. If you have any doubt, consult the manufacturer’s documentation for your reloading press and dies. If you are unsure, your local reloading shop is a good place to verify the information.
Key Considerations When Choosing a Shell Holder
Ensuring Compatibility and Quality
When choosing a shell holder, consider the following factors:
Compatibility: First and foremost, ensure the shell holder is compatible with your reloading press. Most modern reloading presses use a standard shell holder design, but it’s always best to double-check. Researching online and comparing the shell holder to your press is recommended.
Brand Reputation: Brands like RCBS, Lee, Hornady, and Redding are well-respected in the reloading community. They generally offer high-quality products with a proven track record. These are safe choices to start from.
Quality of Construction: Examine the shell holder for precise machining and smooth surfaces. The tolerances should be tight to provide a secure and consistent grip on the case. Look for any burrs or rough edges that could potentially damage the case.
Material Quality: As mentioned earlier, hardened steel is often the best choice for its durability. While standard steel is sufficient, hardened steel offers a longer lifespan and greater resistance to wear.
Price and Purchase Locations
Price: Shell holder prices vary, but generally, they are a relatively inexpensive investment. The price should not be the only consideration, but consider the quality, as this is the part in direct contact with the cartridge casing.
Reloading shops, both brick-and-mortar and online, are excellent sources for shell holders. These stores usually stock a wide range of options from various brands. Online retailers offer a convenient way to browse and compare prices. Be sure to check customer reviews before making a purchase, particularly when buying online.
Using a .308 Win Shell Holder: A Practical Guide
Setting Up and Loading
Using a shell holder is a simple process, but it’s crucial to do it correctly. Here’s how:
Attaching the Shell Holder: Loosen the set screw on the ram of your reloading press. Slide the shell holder into the appropriate slot and tighten the set screw.
Inserting the Case: Once the shell holder is in place, insert a fired .308 Win case into the shell holder. The case head should fit snugly into the recess.
Operating the Press: Raise the ram of the press to begin the reloading operation. For instance, when sizing, slowly raise the ram until the case enters the sizing die. Lower the ram to remove the resized case.
Repeat: Repeat the process for each reloading step, such as de-priming, priming, and bullet seating, ensuring the case is securely held in the shell holder throughout each operation.
Troubleshooting Tips
If the case is sticking in the shell holder, clean both the shell holder and the case with a solvent. Also, check the condition of the case and the die, which may require lubrication.
If the shell holder is not holding the case securely, try cleaning the shell holder and the case head. If this does not work, the shell holder might be worn or damaged and needs replacement.
If the case is not aligning properly with the die, double-check that the shell holder is correctly installed in the press and that the die is properly adjusted. Make sure the case is properly seated in the shell holder.
Maintaining Your Shell Holder
Cleaning and Lubrication
Proper maintenance helps ensure the longevity and performance of your .308 Win shell holder.
Cleaning: Regularly clean your shell holder with a suitable solvent and a brush to remove any buildup of powder residue or debris.
Lubrication: While shell holders generally don’t require lubrication, applying a very small amount of a light oil or dry lubricant can help prevent rust.
Storage and Inspection
Store your shell holders in a clean, dry place to prevent rust and damage. A toolbox or dedicated storage case is ideal.
Inspect the shell holder regularly for signs of wear, such as scratches, burrs, or deformation. If the shell holder no longer holds the case securely or shows significant wear, it’s time to replace it.
Safety First: Reloading Precautions
Prioritizing Safety
Reloading can be a rewarding hobby, but it’s crucial to prioritize safety:
Eye Protection: Always wear safety glasses or goggles when reloading.
Primer Safety: Handle primers with extreme care. Never force them into the case and always follow the manufacturer’s instructions.
Proper Storage: Store all reloading components, including powder and primers, in a cool, dry place away from sources of ignition.
Following Instructions: Always consult reloading manuals and follow the recommended guidelines for each cartridge.
Conclusion
Key Takeaways
The .308 Win shell holder is a small but essential part of the reloading process. Understanding its function, selecting the correct one, and maintaining it properly are crucial for safe and efficient reloading. By following the guidelines outlined in this article, you can ensure that you are reloading your .308 Win ammunition with confidence and precision.
Remember that reloading is a process that demands attention to detail and a commitment to safety. By applying the knowledge gained here, you will be well-equipped to produce high-quality .308 Win ammunition.
Further Exploration
For in-depth information about reloading, consider the following:
Reloading Manuals: Start with comprehensive reloading manuals, such as those from Hornady, Lyman, and Speer.
Reloading Forums: Join online reloading forums to share experiences, ask questions, and learn from other reloaders.
By taking the time to learn about shell holders and the broader reloading process, you’ll not only improve your shooting experience, but also gain a greater appreciation for the precision and care that goes into crafting each round of ammunition. Always prioritize safety and enjoy the rewarding hobby of reloading!
