The Evolution of Smith & Wesson’s Semi-Automatic Pistols
The Early Years
The metallic gleam of stainless steel, the satisfying weight in the hand, and the promise of unwavering performance—these are the hallmarks that define the Smith & Wesson 659. This pistol, a testament to American ingenuity and firearm design, represents a significant chapter in the history of semi-automatic handguns. While its production run has ended, the 659 continues to resonate with collectors, enthusiasts, and anyone who appreciates a finely crafted and reliable firearm. It’s a story of law enforcement, self-defense, and the enduring allure of a classic.
To understand the importance of the Smith & Wesson 659, it’s essential to examine its lineage. Before the 659, Smith & Wesson had already made a name for themselves in the realm of semi-automatic pistols. Models like the 39, introduced in the mid-twentieth century, were early successes, marking the brand’s entry into the burgeoning semi-automatic market. These early models were groundbreaking in their time, establishing a solid foundation for future development. They brought the brand’s reputation for quality into a new field, capturing the attention of shooters who were moving away from revolvers. However, these early designs, while innovative, were also somewhat limited by the technology of the era. They were built with steel frames that while strong, sometimes had limitations related to weight and corrosion.
The Drive for Improvement
The evolution toward the 659 reflects Smith & Wesson’s commitment to continuous improvement. The company recognized the need for a new generation of handguns that could offer improved performance, reliability, and durability. The market was changing, with demands for higher capacity magazines, quicker follow-up shots, and easier maintenance. Responding to this, Smith & Wesson began to look beyond the initial designs, pushing the boundaries of what was possible. This desire for enhancement eventually led to the 659, which offered significant improvements that would help it become a favorite of police officers.
The Birth of a Legend: Development of the Smith & Wesson 659
The Design Process
The Smith & Wesson 659 emerged as a response to the evolving demands of the law enforcement community and civilian shooters alike. In the competitive landscape of the firearms industry, Smith & Wesson aimed for innovation, durability, and superior performance. The design process was meticulously focused on creating a handgun that would excel in the demanding environments of duty carry.
The development team concentrated on areas where improvements could be made over prior designs. They envisioned a firearm that could withstand the rigors of daily use while providing consistent accuracy and reliability. The goal was to build a handgun that would function flawlessly in a variety of conditions, from the dusty range to the potentially hostile situations faced by law enforcement. It had to be robust enough to endure regular handling, cleaning, and the stresses associated with both training and defensive use.
The Stainless Steel Advantage
One of the most significant improvements was the material chosen for the frame. While earlier S&W semi-automatics were frequently constructed with alloy frames, the 659 was engineered with stainless steel. This choice was pivotal. Stainless steel offered exceptional corrosion resistance, making the 659 much less susceptible to rust and wear, especially when exposed to harsh weather, sweat, or other environmental factors. This enhanced durability was a substantial advantage for law enforcement, where firearms were often exposed to the elements.
Building on Previous Designs
The relationship to the Model 59, the antecedent of the 659, is important. The 659 built on the proven platform of the 59, refining many of its features. It incorporated advancements that streamlined the design and made it more user-friendly. This meant the 659 retained the reliability that was characteristic of the 59 while enhancing its functionality. The stainless steel frame was a major distinguishing feature, improving the overall quality of the firearm.
Essential Features and Specifications
Key Design Elements
The Smith & Wesson 659 was a product of careful design, offering a set of features intended to optimize performance. Its features and specifications are an integral part of its appeal.
Chambered for the ubiquitous 9mm Parabellum cartridge, the 659 provided a good balance of power, manageable recoil, and widespread ammunition availability. The 9mm round became a standard, valued for its ability to stop threats while facilitating quick follow-up shots. The magazine capacity of the 659, typically holding a generous number of rounds, allowed the shooter to engage multiple targets or deal with prolonged encounters.
Ergonomics and Functionality
The design of the 659 involved a focus on ergonomics. The pistol’s grip was carefully shaped to fit comfortably in the hand, contributing to better control and accuracy. The stainless steel frame gave the gun a solid feel, boosting the shooter’s confidence. The overall aesthetics were clean and functional, with a design that prioritized usability.
Functionality was a core consideration. The 659 utilized a double-action/single-action (DA/SA) mechanism. This allowed the shooter to carry the pistol with the hammer down, making it safer. The first shot required a long pull of the trigger (double-action), which cocks and releases the hammer. Subsequent shots used the lighter, shorter single-action trigger pull. This system gave the shooter flexibility in different situations.
Mechanical and Safety Features
Mechanical features were equally important. The barrel length, carefully balanced for accuracy and portability, allowed the pistol to reach its full performance potential. The rifling within the barrel provided spin to the bullet, improving its stability in flight and enhancing accuracy. The sights, typically adjustable, provided the shooter with a precise aiming system.
Safety was a primary concern. The 659 incorporated several safety features to prevent accidental discharge. These included a firing pin safety, which blocked the firing pin from moving forward unless the trigger was pulled. A magazine disconnect was often included, requiring the magazine to be inserted for the gun to fire. These measures contributed to the overall safety of the design.
Specification Summary
A concise summary of key specifications illustrates its design. The 659 typically measured around seven and a half inches in overall length, with a weight of about two pounds (unloaded). The magazine capacity was approximately fifteen rounds, making it a formidable defensive weapon. These specifications contributed to its widespread adoption.
Performance in Action: Uses and Capabilities
Law Enforcement Applications
The Smith & Wesson 659 found its place as a versatile firearm, with proven applications. Its performance characteristics led to its adoption by law enforcement agencies.
Many police departments and security forces chose the 659 because of its ruggedness, reliability, and effectiveness. Officers frequently depend on their sidearms to function in critical situations, so they appreciated the 659’s resilience and capability. Its robust construction enabled it to withstand the stresses of duty carry and frequent training exercises.
Reliability and Accuracy
The 659’s reliability instilled confidence in officers, who could trust their weapon to function when it was needed most. The consistent accuracy of the 659 also was critical for law enforcement. Officers had to make accurate shots in high-pressure situations, and the gun’s design allowed them to do so.
Civilian Use
Beyond law enforcement, the 659 became popular with civilian shooters. Its user-friendly design and robust construction appealed to a wide range of individuals. Its dependability, accuracy, and relative ease of use made it a favorite for self-defense, target shooting, and recreational practice. Collectors have also appreciated it.
Accuracy in Practice
Accuracy is a crucial factor. The 659 has a reputation for delivering accurate and consistent shot placement. Shooters have found it capable of achieving tight groupings at various distances. The ergonomic design aids in achieving optimal grip and sight alignment.
Variations and the End of Production
Minor Changes Over Time
Throughout its production, the Smith & Wesson 659 experienced a few minor alterations and adaptations. These variations are usually associated with grip styles, finishes, and small parts. The production run of the 659 was relatively lengthy compared to some handgun models.
Transition to Newer Designs
The production years of the 659 were an era of robust manufacturing and a constant stream of product releases. However, the era of the 659 ended when Smith & Wesson decided to concentrate on more modern designs, like the 5900 series and the polymer-framed pistols. While the 659’s design was successful, the firearms market constantly evolves, and the company adapted to the new realities.
Comparisons and Contrasts
Comparison to Predecessors
To appreciate the 659, it’s instructive to compare it to its predecessors, competitors, and successors.
The 659 built on the success of the Model 59, but it improved on it. The stainless steel frame gave the 659 greater durability. The 659 was produced at a time when it was important for a pistol to be reliable, and the design of the 659 emphasized that aspect.
Comparison to Competitors
Compared to its competitors, the 659 offered several advantages. In the competitive arena, its competitors included iconic firearms from companies like Glock and Beretta. The 659 distinguished itself through its stainless steel frame and robust design. The 659 provided a proven design. The 659 found a specific niche within this range, catering to users who preferred the feel of metal, the reliability of a DA/SA trigger, and the classic aesthetics.
The Lasting Impact: Legacy and Collectibility
Contributions to the Firearms World
The Smith & Wesson 659 has left an enduring mark on the firearms world. It influenced other handgun designs and helped establish Smith & Wesson as a leader in the semi-automatic market.
The handgun is a classic and many gun enthusiasts consider it to be a significant part of the history of firearms. Its contributions to law enforcement and civilian self-defense have helped shape perceptions of handguns.
Collector’s Value
The 659 is a favorite of collectors. The condition of the handgun, along with its originality and rarity, are key factors. Serial numbers, production dates, and any unique markings can boost the value of a 659.
In Conclusion
The Smith & Wesson 659 stands as a testament to the skill of American firearms designers and the pursuit of quality and reliability. Its story of reliability, adaptability, and a legacy in both the law enforcement and civilian markets proves it a significant firearm. It’s more than just a collection of metal and springs; it’s a symbol of a commitment to quality. The enduring popularity of the 659 is a tribute to its excellent design. Whether it’s on the range, in a holster, or displayed as part of a collection, the Smith & Wesson 659 remains a true icon in the world of firearms. The story of the 659 proves the enduring appeal of well-crafted, dependable firearms.
