Introduction
The Squires Bingham Model 20, a name that resonates with both nostalgia and practical interest, represents a significant piece of firearms history. This rimfire rifle, once a staple in many households and a popular choice for target practice and small game hunting, continues to hold a place in the hearts of enthusiasts and collectors. Whether you’re a seasoned shooter, a collector, or simply someone curious about the inner workings of this classic firearm, understanding its components is crucial for its proper maintenance, repair, and appreciation. This comprehensive guide delves into the various essential Squires Bingham Model 20 parts, providing detailed insights into their function, common issues, and how to maintain them. We will explore each vital component, from the receiver and barrel to the trigger group and magazine, offering a thorough overview for anyone seeking to understand and care for this iconic rifle. This guide is designed to be a valuable resource, helping you keep your Squires Bingham Model 20 in top operating condition.
Overview of the Squires Bingham Model 20
The story of the Squires Bingham Model 20 begins in the Philippines, where it was manufactured. This rifle quickly gained popularity due to its affordability, reliability, and simple design. Known for its rugged construction, the Squires Bingham Model 20 was often chosen as a starter rifle or a reliable tool for various shooting activities. Over time, it cemented its reputation as a practical firearm for both recreational use and, in some instances, utility purposes. While specific details about its exact production years and the manufacturer’s history can be found in other resources, the significance of the Squires Bingham Model 20 lies in its lasting impact. It represents a simpler era of firearm design, where ease of maintenance and straightforward functionality were key priorities. The enduring popularity of the Squires Bingham Model 20 underscores its lasting value. This introduction sets the stage for our deep dive into the essential Squires Bingham Model 20 parts.
Essential Components and Their Functions
Understanding the internal components of the Squires Bingham Model 20 is key to ensuring its optimal performance and longevity. Each part plays a specific role, contributing to the overall operation of the rifle. We will explore these core components in detail, outlining their individual functions, common points of failure, and practical maintenance tips.
The Heart: Receiver and Barrel
The receiver of the Squires Bingham Model 20 acts as the primary housing for the internal mechanisms of the rifle. Typically constructed from steel, the receiver provides a robust and durable framework that holds the bolt, trigger assembly, and other critical parts. It is designed to withstand the pressures generated during firing, making it a vital component for safety and operational integrity. A worn or damaged receiver can compromise the safety and reliability of the firearm.
Attached to the receiver is the barrel. The barrel’s function is to guide the bullet along a straight path, and it is the part that gives the bullet its direction and velocity. The barrel of the Squires Bingham Model 20 is rifled, meaning that the inside of the barrel has grooves that cause the bullet to spin as it travels down the barrel. This spinning motion stabilizes the bullet and improves its accuracy. Barrel length and rifling characteristics can vary, impacting ballistic performance. Regular inspection of the barrel is essential. Check for obstructions, rust, or damage that could affect accuracy or, in extreme cases, cause a dangerous barrel obstruction. Proper cleaning and care are also critical to preserving the barrel’s condition.
The Engine: Bolt and Firing Pin
The bolt is the mechanism that loads, extracts, and ejects the cartridge. It sits within the receiver and is responsible for chambering a round from the magazine, sealing the chamber during firing, and then extracting the spent casing after firing. The bolt’s reliability is paramount to the smooth function of the firearm. Malfunctions within the bolt system can lead to failure to feed, failure to extract, or failure to eject. Regularly cleaning and lubricating the bolt are crucial to prevent jams and ensure reliable operation.
The firing pin is a slender metal rod that strikes the primer of the cartridge, igniting the propellant and starting the firing process. The firing pin itself must be properly aligned and in good condition to consistently ignite the rounds. A damaged or worn firing pin may cause the rifle to misfire. Issues can arise from metal fatigue, or damage during use. Regular inspection is a must, and proper cleaning ensures that it operates without interference. Replacing the firing pin may be necessary from time to time depending on the frequency of use.
The Control Center: Trigger Group
The trigger group comprises the components responsible for initiating the firing sequence. These include the trigger itself, the sear (which holds the hammer or striker), the hammer or striker (which strikes the firing pin), and various springs. When the trigger is pulled, it releases the sear, allowing the hammer or striker to strike the firing pin. This seemingly simple mechanism is a crucial part of the firing system, and its proper function is essential for safety and reliable operation. The trigger mechanism of the Squires Bingham Model 20 is generally straightforward in design.
Common issues include a heavy or gritty trigger pull, which can affect accuracy, or, worse, failure of the gun to fire. These problems can often be traced to worn springs, dirty internal components, or damaged sears. Regular cleaning and lubrication of the trigger group can help prevent malfunctions, and replacing worn parts will restore proper function.
The Ammunition Provider: Magazine
The magazine is responsible for holding and feeding cartridges into the chamber. The design and capacity of the magazine affect the loading process and the overall shooting experience. The magazine’s integrity is critical for consistent and reliable feeding.
Feeding issues, such as failure to feed or double-feeding, are often related to the magazine. Worn magazine springs or damage to the feed lips can cause these problems. Inspecting the magazine regularly for damage or wear is essential, and replace the parts when necessary. Also, keeping the magazine clean and free of debris will help ensure it feeds properly.
Handling and Comfort: Stock and Fore-end
The stock and fore-end of the Squires Bingham Model 20 provide a point of contact for the shooter, offering stability and control. The stock typically houses the butt of the rifle and is designed to fit against the shooter’s shoulder, aiding in aiming and recoil management. The fore-end, located under the barrel, provides a grip for the supporting hand.
These parts can be made from wood or synthetic materials. Common issues include cracks, damage, or wear and tear. Regular inspection is important to identify any problems that might impact the function or safety of the rifle. Replace any damaged parts to ensure safe and comfortable use.
Sighting Accuracy: Sights
The sights are crucial for aiming the rifle. The Squires Bingham Model 20 typically has simple iron sights, including a front sight and a rear sight. The front sight is generally a post or bead, while the rear sight may be a notch or aperture.
Sights should be properly aligned to achieve accuracy. Any damage to the sight can impact performance. Regularly checking and adjusting sights, if adjustable, is an important aspect of maintaining the rifle’s accuracy.
Safe Operation: Safety Mechanism
The safety mechanism plays a critical role in preventing accidental discharges. The Squires Bingham Model 20 incorporates a safety mechanism to block the trigger or hammer, making sure the gun will not fire.
Familiarize yourself with the operation of the safety and always ensure the safety is engaged when handling the rifle unless preparing to fire. Problems with the safety mechanism can compromise safe operation; regular inspection and function checks are essential.
Sourcing Parts and Components
Obtaining replacement Squires Bingham Model 20 parts can be done in several ways. Online retailers specializing in firearms parts offer a wide selection, making it convenient to find what you need. Gun shows are also excellent places to find older parts, and they offer opportunities to talk to experienced gun enthusiasts and experts who may provide valuable insights. When searching for parts, be sure to check the compatibility of parts. Different models or variations of the Squires Bingham Model 20 may have slightly different part specifications, so be certain to confirm that the parts you purchase will properly fit your firearm. When purchasing parts, ensure you are getting quality parts. Inferior or poorly manufactured parts can compromise the safety and reliability of your rifle.
Maintenance and Trouble-Shooting
Regular maintenance is key to keeping your Squires Bingham Model 20 functioning smoothly. Cleaning and lubrication are essential. Use appropriate solvents and lubricants designed for firearms. Disassembly and reassembly require attention to detail. Study a manual or consult videos that can provide step-by-step guidance.
Common problems include failure to feed, failure to extract, and misfires. Inspecting and cleaning the magazine, bolt, and firing pin can often resolve these issues. Seek the assistance of a qualified gunsmith when facing complex issues.
Safety First
Firearms require a high level of respect. Always handle your Squires Bingham Model 20 with extreme care, regardless of your level of experience. Keep the muzzle pointed in a safe direction at all times. Verify that the firearm is unloaded before disassembling, cleaning, or performing any maintenance. Always store your firearm in a safe place, separate from ammunition. Never consume alcohol or use drugs before or while handling a firearm.
Conclusion
The Squires Bingham Model 20 is a testament to a simpler time, a firearm built on functionality and reliability. Understanding its various Squires Bingham Model 20 parts and how they interact is essential for preserving this classic rifle. By following the advice presented in this guide, you can ensure that your Squires Bingham Model 20 continues to provide years of service. If you are unfamiliar with the internal parts and mechanisms, consider consulting a professional gunsmith for assistance. Enjoy and handle your Squires Bingham Model 20 responsibly.
