Understanding the Actions: How They Work
Single Action Handguns
A single action handgun operates in a straightforward manner. For each shot fired, the hammer must be manually cocked (or “pre-cocked”) before the trigger can be pulled to release the firing pin and initiate the firing sequence. This manual cocking can be done by racking the slide on a semi-automatic pistol or by manually cocking the hammer on a revolver. The defining characteristic of a single action is that the trigger’s primary role is solely to release the hammer. It doesn’t perform the initial cocking action.
Double Action Handguns
On the other hand, a double action handgun simplifies the process. With a double action mechanism, pulling the trigger performs two functions: it cocks the hammer and then releases it to fire the gun. This means that the trigger pull is longer and requires more force than a single action trigger. Every shot in a double action handgun begins with this longer trigger pull unless the hammer has been manually cocked.
Double Action/Single Action (DA/SA)
There’s also a variation called Double Action/Single Action (DA/SA). This type of handgun offers both operating modes. The first shot, after the handgun is loaded, requires a long, heavy double action trigger pull to both cock and release the hammer. Subsequent shots, however, function in single action mode, requiring a lighter and shorter trigger pull. This change in trigger pull is a crucial consideration when choosing a concealed carry handgun.
Advantages and Disadvantages: Single Action Handguns
Advantages
Single action handguns offer several advantages that appeal to many concealed carriers. One of the most significant benefits is the lighter trigger pull. A lighter trigger pull translates to potentially greater accuracy because it reduces the amount of force and movement needed to fire the shot. A crisp and predictable trigger pull can help to minimize the chances of “pulling” the shot off-target.
Single action handguns often allow for faster follow-up shots. Because the trigger pull is generally shorter and requires less force, shooters can potentially reset the trigger and take subsequent shots more quickly. This is especially useful in a high-stress self-defense situation where split-second timing is critical.
Some single action handguns, especially those based on the classic 1911 design, are prized for their ergonomics. The grip angle and overall design often feel natural in the hand, leading to a comfortable and intuitive shooting experience. This can contribute to faster and more accurate shooting.
Disadvantages
However, single action handguns also present certain disadvantages that must be weighed carefully. The most notable is the necessity of a manual safety. Most single action pistols are designed to be carried “cocked and locked,” meaning the hammer is cocked, a round is chambered, and the manual safety is engaged. This system allows for immediate firing when the safety is disengaged. However, it also requires an additional step—disengaging the safety—before the gun can be fired. This could be problematic in a high-stress situation where you may not have time to think through the steps. If you do not practice removing the safety, it can cause confusion, increasing the risk of a less-than-ideal outcome.
Moreover, the “cocked and locked” carry method requires diligence. The manual safety must always be engaged when the gun is not actively being used. This is a vital safety procedure. Another drawback is that the first shot, if not carried “cocked and locked,” requires manually cocking the hammer, which can be a slow and cumbersome procedure in a critical situation. It could also potentially increase the odds of a malfunction.
Advantages and Disadvantages: Double Action Handguns
Advantages
Double action handguns, on the other hand, offer their own set of advantages and disadvantages. The primary advantage is the potentially increased safety associated with a longer and heavier trigger pull. Because of the heavier pull, a double action trigger generally requires more deliberate action to fire. This can minimize the risk of accidental discharges, especially for those new to handguns.
With double action (and DA/SA) handguns, a manual safety isn’t always a requirement. The longer trigger pull itself serves as a safety mechanism, making it less likely to fire accidentally. For those who prefer a simpler, more streamlined carry setup, this is a significant advantage.
For those who are new to handguns, DA trigger pulls offer a safer initial trigger pull to learn.
Disadvantages
However, double action handguns also come with their own set of drawbacks. The most significant is the longer and heavier trigger pull. This can make it more challenging to achieve the same level of accuracy as with a single action trigger, particularly for beginners or those with less experience. The longer trigger pull can be difficult to master, requiring more practice and deliberate technique.
For double-action-only (DAO) guns, the first shot and all subsequent shots have the same long trigger pull. The length and weight of this pull can be a challenge for some shooters, especially under stress.
DA/SA handguns present a unique challenge. The transition from a long, heavy double action first shot to a lighter single action follow-up shot can be jarring. Mastering this transition takes considerable training and practice to ensure consistent accuracy. Some shooters find that the difference in trigger pull between the first and subsequent shots can lead to inconsistent grouping.
Suitability for Concealed Carry: What to Consider
The ideal handgun action type for concealed carry is not universally defined. It depends heavily on the individual’s skill level, experience, and personal preferences. Several factors come into play when making this crucial decision.
Your skill and experience level is a significant consideration. If you’re new to handguns, a double action or DA/SA design can provide an additional layer of safety due to the heavier trigger pull. As you gain experience and become more proficient, the advantages of a single action trigger—such as enhanced accuracy—might become more appealing.
Your comfort level is crucial. What feels most natural and intuitive in your hands? Can you handle a firearm confidently and safely with a manual safety? Do you prefer a heavier trigger pull that requires more deliberate action, or a lighter trigger that allows for faster follow-up shots? The best choice is always the one that you will train with the most and with which you are most comfortable.
Concealability is a major factor. Consider the size and weight of the handgun. Smaller, lighter handguns are typically easier to conceal, regardless of the action type.
Training is essential for any concealed carry handgun. With training and practice, you can adapt to any action type.
Practice and Proficiency: no matter the type of action, the importance of frequent practice cannot be overstated. It’s necessary to reach proficiency with any selected handgun.
Considering all these aspects, let’s examine the action types within the context of the factors mentioned above. Single action handguns may be a great fit for experienced shooters who are comfortable with manual safeties and the “cocked and locked” carry method. They usually prefer the lighter, crisper trigger pull that can help with accuracy. Double action or DA/SA handguns, conversely, are more appealing for those who are newer to firearms, value the added safety of a long trigger pull, and appreciate the simplicity of a design without a manual safety.
Safety First: Training and Practice
Regardless of the action type you choose, safety must be the primary focus. Always treat every firearm as if it were loaded, keep your finger off the trigger until you’re ready to shoot, and be aware of your target and what’s beyond it.
Furthermore, seek professional training from a certified firearms instructor. They can provide invaluable guidance on safe gun handling, shooting techniques, and the proper operation of your chosen handgun. Training is key for making accurate shots. Training should include drills to practice drawing the handgun from concealment, engaging the safety (if applicable), and acquiring your target.
Dry-fire practice is an excellent way to hone your skills and build muscle memory. Dry-fire practice allows you to practice trigger control, grip, and sight alignment without using live ammunition. Always ensure that your firearm is unloaded before engaging in dry-fire practice.
Make time for range practice. Regular range time is essential for maintaining proficiency. Practice shooting in various stances, from different distances, and under simulated stress conditions to prepare yourself for any situation.
The Bottom Line
Choosing between single action and double action handguns for concealed carry is a personal decision. It’s a decision that must be based on your individual needs, skills, and preferences. There is no perfect answer for everyone. The best option is the one you are most comfortable carrying, shooting, and handling safely and effectively. Remember that your safety is paramount.
Weigh the advantages and disadvantages of each action type. Consider your experience level, training, and comfort with manual safeties or longer trigger pulls.
Before making a purchase, we strongly recommend visiting a local gun store. Handle different handguns with various action types to see which one feels the most natural in your hands. If possible, test fire different models to get a feel for the trigger pull and overall operation. Finally, invest in professional training and practice consistently. Your life, and potentially the lives of others, may depend on it. Prioritize safe gun handling, responsible ownership, and continued training to ensure that you are prepared to carry a concealed handgun safely and effectively.
