Understanding Ammo and Its Vulnerabilities
The Building Blocks
Before we dive into the how-to, let’s examine the building blocks of ammunition and the vulnerabilities that can compromise its integrity. Ammunition, at its core, is a complex system designed to propel a projectile downrange. It is comprised of several key components: The Projectile, The Propellant, The Primer, The Casing.
Moisture and Humidity
Moisture and humidity are the enemies of ammunition. Water can corrode the casing, degrade the propellant, and even render the primer unreliable. High humidity environments promote rust and corrosion, which can seriously compromise the functionality and safety of your ammunition. Even seemingly minor amounts of moisture can have a detrimental effect over time.
Temperature Fluctuations
Temperature fluctuations also pose a threat. Dramatic shifts in temperature can cause condensation inside the ammunition, leading to the same moisture-related problems. Extreme heat can accelerate the breakdown of the propellant, making the ammunition less stable and potentially dangerous. Excessive cold, while less immediately damaging, can affect the primers and performance.
Light Exposure
Light exposure is often overlooked, but it can play a role in degradation. Direct sunlight and prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light can, over time, damage the propellant. Therefore, keeping ammunition stored in a dark location is crucial for its long-term preservation.
Ammunition’s Construction
The construction of the ammunition itself plays a significant role in its longevity. Brass casings, for instance, tend to be more resistant to corrosion than steel casings. Primer types can also vary in their sensitivity to environmental factors. Propellants, too, differ in their stability; some are inherently more stable than others.
Best Practices for Ammo Storage
Location, Location, Location
Finding the right location is the most important aspect of ammunition storage. Aim for a cool, dry, and consistently stable environment. An ideal location is typically a place indoors, away from direct sunlight, and with minimal temperature swings. Think of the environment as if you were trying to create a stable home for a valuable item.
Avoid storing ammunition in attics, garages, or sheds. These locations often experience significant temperature variations and can be prone to humidity fluctuations, which is where the long term storage of ammo begins to deteriorate. Basements can also be problematic if they are susceptible to flooding or moisture intrusion. The best choice is usually a climate-controlled room or closet within your home.
Container Choices
Choosing the right container is essential to protect your ammunition. Military surplus ammo cans are an excellent choice because they are designed to be airtight and waterproof. They provide a robust barrier against moisture, dust, and other contaminants. Plastic ammo boxes are another viable option, but make sure they are made from durable, high-quality plastic and can create a good seal. Consider options that can resist impacts, offering further protection to the ammunition within.
Containers to avoid include cardboard boxes and plastic bags. Cardboard readily absorbs moisture and offers little protection from environmental hazards. Plastic bags, especially thin ones, are not airtight and offer limited protection.
Controlling Humidity and Moisture
Controlling humidity and moisture is critical. The goal is to maintain a dry environment. Using desiccants, such as silica gel packets, within your storage containers can absorb any ambient moisture. Place these packets inside your ammo cans or boxes. Replacing or reactivating the desiccants periodically ensures their effectiveness. Regularly monitor humidity levels using a hygrometer. This will give you an indication of how effective your chosen storage methods are.
Temperature Considerations
Temperature is another factor. Maintaining a moderate and consistent temperature is key. While a specific temperature isn’t crucial, avoiding extremes is paramount. Fluctuations are more damaging than a slightly higher or lower temperature. Aim for a storage environment where the temperature remains relatively stable year-round. Think of a comfortable living space for humans; this is the type of environment where ammunition can thrive.
Organization and Handling
Organization and handling are important for both safety and convenience. Properly label all your ammunition containers with the caliber, type, and date of purchase. This will allow you to easily identify the contents and track its age. Implement a rotation system, ensuring the older ammunition is used first (FIFO – First In, First Out). This helps ensure that you’re using ammunition before its performance is affected by age.
Always handle ammunition with care. Avoid dropping or mishandling it. Store ammunition in the original packaging whenever possible, as it often provides an additional layer of protection.
Additional Considerations
Specific Ammo Types
Certain ammunition types may require specific storage considerations.
Pistol ammunition, rifle ammunition, and shotgun shells, while sharing the same basic storage principles, may vary in their packaging. Ensure you store each type of ammunition in its appropriate container. Keep different calibers separated to avoid accidental mix-ups.
Black powder, if you use it, presents unique challenges and requires specialized storage. Black powder is far more sensitive to moisture and humidity than modern smokeless powder. Store it in a dedicated, airtight container in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area, away from any potential sources of ignition. Consult your local regulations regarding the storage of black powder, as they can be strict.
Regular Inspection and Maintenance
Regular inspection is paramount. Periodically inspect your ammunition for signs of degradation. Look for any corrosion on the casings, damage to the projectiles, or signs of moisture. If you observe any issues, carefully separate the affected ammunition and dispose of it properly. Do not attempt to fire ammunition that you suspect is damaged or degraded.
Safety Precautions
A safe storage environment also encompasses certain safety precautions. Always store ammunition separately from firearms. Keep all ammunition out of reach of children and unauthorized individuals. Consider a locked cabinet or safe to provide an added layer of security. Familiarize yourself with all local laws and regulations regarding the storage of ammunition.
Debunking Myths
There are many misconceptions about ammunition storage. One common myth is that ammunition has a very short shelf life. In reality, with proper storage, ammunition can last for decades. Another myth is that ammunition needs to be stored in a freezer. This is unnecessary and can actually be detrimental due to condensation.
Improper storage can severely impact the performance of your ammunition. Moisture can cause misfires or delayed ignitions. Extreme temperatures can affect velocity and accuracy. Corroded casings can lead to malfunctions. By following the guidelines outlined in this guide, you can mitigate these risks and maintain the performance of your ammunition for years.
Conclusion
Proper ammunition storage is an essential part of being a responsible gun owner. By understanding the vulnerabilities of ammunition and implementing the best storage practices, you can ensure the longevity, reliability, and safety of your ammunition. From choosing the right location and containers to controlling humidity and inspecting your ammunition regularly, every step contributes to its preservation. Remember that consistent attention to detail, combined with the adoption of proper storage techniques, is the key to keeping your ammunition in optimal condition.
Ultimately, responsible gun ownership is about more than just owning firearms; it’s about understanding them, maintaining them, and handling them safely. This includes the diligent storage of ammunition. By embracing these principles, you’re contributing to a safer and more enjoyable shooting experience for yourself and those around you. Prioritizing these practices will contribute significantly to safety and reliability, ensuring that your ammunition is ready to perform when you need it.
