Understanding the AK Platform and Optic Mounting Challenges
The AK-47, and its many variants, remains an iconic firearm. Beloved for its ruggedness, simplicity, and reliability, the AK has seen action in conflicts around the globe for decades. As firearms enthusiasts and tactical shooters seek to enhance their AK rifles, the need to mount optics has grown. However, the AK platform, with its original design, presents unique challenges. This comprehensive guide delves into the world of AK optic mount options, helping you navigate the complexities and choose the perfect mount for your rifle.
The AK’s original design prioritized simplicity and mass production. This meant a relatively basic receiver, a dust cover that wasn’t ideal for mounting optics, and a handguard that often lacked any standardized attachment points. These features, though making for a robust rifle, can make it difficult to mount modern sighting systems such as red dots, scopes, and holographic sights. While the AK excels in close-quarters combat and situations demanding rapid target acquisition, adding an optic can dramatically improve accuracy at longer ranges and in challenging conditions.
Selecting the right AK optic mount is a critical decision. A poorly chosen mount can lead to problems like a shifting zero, optic damage, and frustration. Whether you’re a seasoned shooter or new to the AK platform, understanding the available options and factors is crucial for a successful setup. This article will explore the various AK optic mount options, their pros and cons, and provide guidance to help you make an informed decision.
The very features that make the AK reliable – its simplicity and sturdy build – also create difficulties when it comes to optic mounting. The original stamped sheet metal receiver lacks the integrated Picatinny rails or threaded holes often found on modern firearms. The AK’s dust cover, while providing protection for the internal components, is notoriously unstable as a mounting platform. Furthermore, the inherent recoil of the 7.62x39mm round (or other cartridges) can be substantial. This high-impulse recoil puts significant stress on any optic mount, making durability a paramount concern. The AK optic mount must be able to withstand this punishment without loosening, shifting, or breaking.
The challenge is to find a way to securely attach a sighting system to the rifle without compromising its inherent reliability or requiring extensive gunsmithing. The goal is a stable and repeatable platform that allows the optic to perform its intended function: aiding in accurate target engagement. Maintaining a consistent zero is essential. A shifting zero can quickly turn a potentially accurate rifle into an unreliable one. Even minor shifts in the optic’s point of impact can drastically affect accuracy, particularly at longer distances.
Adding to the complexity is the existence of different AK variants. From the original stamped-receiver AK-47 to milled receiver models, and various licensed copies from different countries, the specifics of the mounting points can vary. It’s imperative to ensure that the AK optic mount you select is compatible with your specific rifle. For example, some mounts may work perfectly on a standard AKM but may not fit a Yugo M70 due to its different receiver design.
Types of AK Optic Mounts
Side Mounts
Side mounts are perhaps the most popular and arguably the most robust of the AK optic mount options. They attach to a side rail that’s typically riveted or screwed to the left side of the receiver. The side rail, a key feature of many AK variants, provides a solid and stable mounting platform. Side mounts offer exceptional durability and are usually favored by those who prioritize ruggedness and reliability.
A primary advantage of side mounts is their secure and stable connection. The side rail is directly attached to the receiver, which minimizes the potential for movement under recoil. This, in turn, helps to maintain a consistent zero. Side mounts also provide a relatively low profile, keeping the optic close to the bore axis, which can be beneficial for quick target acquisition.
However, side mounts are not without their drawbacks. One potential issue is the offset mounting position. The optic is positioned to the left of the bore axis, which can require some adjustment in how you aim. This offset can also interfere with the ejection of spent casings, though this is often mitigated by design. Another potential issue is the interference with field stripping or cleaning the rifle. Some side mounts may require removal to fully disassemble the rifle for cleaning.
Various types of side mounts exist. Some side mounts feature integrated Picatinny rails, allowing you to mount almost any optic that uses a Picatinny rail. Others utilize proprietary interfaces, such as those developed by RS Regulate, known for their modularity and flexibility. These mounts allow you to customize the height, position, and cant of your optic. When considering a side mount, examine the quality of the construction materials. Steel is often preferred for its strength and durability, although high-quality aluminum mounts can also be very effective.
Dust Cover Mounts
Dust cover mounts offer a potentially cost-effective and easy-to-install solution for mounting optics on an AK. These mounts replace the original dust cover with a modified version that incorporates a Picatinny rail or another mounting surface. They are, for many, the most accessible AK optic mount options as they typically require no modification to the rifle itself.
The appeal of dust cover mounts lies in their simplicity and ease of installation. Replacing the dust cover is generally a straightforward process, eliminating the need for any gunsmithing. However, this convenience comes with trade-offs. The most significant concern is often the stability of the mounting platform. The dust cover, while designed to protect the internal components of the receiver, isn’t typically engineered to withstand the stresses of recoil or maintain a consistent zero.
Many dust cover mounts are made of aluminum or polymer, which can be less durable than steel. Recoil can cause these mounts to shift or loosen over time. Another concern is the potential for a higher profile, which can raise the optic’s height above the bore axis. This, in turn, can impact the shooter’s cheek weld and sight picture.
There are different variations of dust cover mounts. Some are full-length rails that span the entire length of the receiver. Others are more compact, providing a shorter rail section for mounting smaller optics. Some dust cover mounts integrate with the handguard to provide a more rigid platform. If you choose a dust cover mount, select one known for its sturdy construction and secure attachment mechanism.
Handguard Mounts
Handguard mounts are another set of AK optic mount options that provide a forward mounting location for your optic. These mounts replace the original handguard with a system that incorporates a Picatinny rail, M-LOK, or KeyMod attachment points. Handguard mounts allow for a more forward placement of the optic, which can be advantageous for eye relief, particularly with certain types of optics.
A major advantage of handguard mounts is the ability to create a stable and modular platform. The handguard is securely attached to the barrel or receiver trunnion, providing a solid base for the optic. The presence of multiple attachment points, such as Picatinny rails or M-LOK slots, allows you to mount various accessories, including lights, lasers, and grips.
However, handguard mounts can also present challenges. Installation often involves removing the original handguard, which may require some disassembly of the rifle. It’s essential to ensure that the handguard mount is compatible with your rifle’s specific handguard retainer and other components. Another potential concern is the potential for contact between the handguard and the barrel. This can affect accuracy.
Handguard mounts come in different materials and designs. Some are made of aluminum, offering a balance of weight and durability. Others are constructed from steel, providing greater strength and resilience. Before selecting a handguard mount, evaluate its construction, mounting method, and overall design.
Scope Rings and Bases
While less common now, it is still possible to mount a traditional scope on an AK using scope rings and bases. This approach often involves using a base that attaches to the side rail or replacing the rear sight block with a Picatinny rail. The scope is then attached to the rail using scope rings.
The primary advantage of using scope rings and bases is the ability to mount a scope with a higher level of magnification. This is a significant benefit for those who want to engage targets at longer ranges. However, mounting a scope using this method can present challenges. The base must be securely attached to the rifle, which can be difficult to achieve. The scope must be properly aligned with the bore axis, which is crucial for accuracy.
Receiver Mounts
While relatively uncommon, some AK optic mount options attach directly to the receiver. These options will involve drilling and tapping the receiver, so will require gunsmithing expertise. This type of mount offers a secure and stable mounting platform, as it’s directly connected to the most solid part of the rifle. However, receiver mounts require permanent modifications to the rifle and are, therefore, generally not ideal for those who wish to maintain the original configuration of their AK.
Factors to Consider When Choosing an AK Optic Mount
Compatibility
Before purchasing any AK optic mount, confirm that it’s compatible with your rifle. Different AK variants have different receiver designs, side rail profiles, and handguard retainers. Ensure the mount is specifically designed for your rifle’s make and model. Also, consider the type of optic you plan to mount. Does it use a Picatinny rail, or does it require a proprietary mounting system?
Durability
The AK optic mount must be durable and able to withstand the rigors of recoil. Recoil forces can cause the mount to loosen or fail over time, leading to a loss of zero and potential damage to the optic. Choose a mount made from high-quality materials, such as steel or aircraft-grade aluminum. Steel offers the greatest strength and durability, while aluminum provides a good balance of strength and weight. Examine the mounting method. Does it use screws, clamps, or other fasteners? Ensure that these fasteners are properly tightened and that they are resistant to loosening under recoil.
Height/Eye Relief
Consider the height of the mount, which will affect eye relief and cheek weld. The mount should position the optic at a comfortable height, allowing you to acquire the sight picture quickly and maintain a solid cheek weld. Proper eye relief is essential for accurate shooting. If the eye relief is too short, you may experience eye strain or discomfort. If it’s too long, you may have difficulty acquiring the sight picture.
Weight and Profile
The weight and profile of the mount are also important considerations. A heavy mount can add unnecessary weight to the rifle, which can affect handling and balance. A bulky mount can also get in the way. Choose a mount that offers a balance of weight, durability, and a low profile.
Ease of Installation and Use
The installation process should be straightforward. Choose a mount that’s easy to install without requiring special tools or gunsmithing skills. The mount should also allow for easy removal and reinstallation of the optic, which is useful for maintenance or storage.
Budget
Prices vary widely. Some mounts are relatively inexpensive, while others are more expensive. Set a budget and try to select a mount that offers the best value for the money.
Popular AK Optic Mount Brands and Models
When shopping for AK optic mount options, several reputable brands and models stand out.
RS Regulate: Known for their modular designs, RS Regulate offers a variety of side mounts that are adjustable to different optics and mounting heights. Their side mounts are lauded for their quality and durability.
Midwest Industries: Midwest Industries produces a range of AK optic mount options, including handguard mounts and side mounts. Their products are known for their value and reliability.
UTG: UTG offers a wide range of budget-friendly mounts, including side mounts and dust cover mounts.
Zenitco: This brand produces high-end, tactical accessories, including handguards and side mounts. Zenitco products are known for their robust build and high-quality materials. (Availability might vary depending on geographic location and current events).
It’s worth taking the time to research these, and other brands, to find the exact product that is right for your AK build.
Installation and Zeroing Tips
The installation process varies depending on the type of AK optic mount. Generally, ensure the mount is correctly aligned and securely attached to the rifle. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions carefully. To zero the optic, begin by using a bore sighter. The process involves aligning the optic with the bore of the rifle. Shoot at a target and adjust the optic’s reticle until the point of impact matches the point of aim. Repeat this process several times, making small adjustments to ensure that the zero is consistent. When you are zeroing, always shoot from a stable position (e.g., a bench).
Maintenance and Troubleshooting
Inspect the mount regularly. Check the screws, clamps, and other fasteners. Clean the mount with a solvent or cleaner and wipe it dry. If the mount is loose or shifting, tighten the screws or replace the mount. If the optic’s zero is shifting, first inspect the mount for any signs of damage.
Conclusion
Ultimately, the process of selecting and installing the best AK optic mount options comes down to carefully considering your individual needs, the characteristics of your AK, and the specific optic you intend to use.
